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| Molybdenum | Molybdène | Molibden | Molibdeno | Molybdän | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Mo Molybdenum |
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- Molybdenum was discovered by Carl William Scheele (Sweden) in 1778. The origin of the name comes from the Greek word molybdos meaning lead. It is silvery white, very hard metal, but is softer and more ductile than tungsten.
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UEBERGANGSELEMENTE: CHROMGRUPPE | |
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| Relative Atommasse: | 95.94(1) | Elektronenkonfiguration: | [Kr] 4d5 5s1 |
| Oxidationszustände: | +6 | Elekronegativität: | 2.16 |
| Wärmeleitfähigkeit: | 138 W m-1 K-1 | Elektrische Widerstandskraft (20 °C): | 5.34 μΩcm |
| Atomradius: | 136.3 pm | Zustand (20 °C): | fest |
| Dichte (g dm-3): | 10220 (293 K) 9330 (m.p.) |
Atomvolumen (cm3 mol-1): | 9.39 (293 K) 10.28 (m.p.) |
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THERMISCHE EIGENSCHAFTEN | |
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| Schmelzpunkt: | 2623 °C | Bildungsenergie: | 27.6 kJ mol-1 |
| Siedepunkt: | 4639 °C | Verdampfungsenergie: | 589.9 kJ mol-1 |
| Kritische Temperatur: | 9177 °C | Zerstäubungsenergie: | 656.55 kJ mol-1 |
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IONISIERUNGSENERGIE UND HÄUFIGKEIT | |
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| 1. Ionisierungenergie: | 684.32 kJ mol-1 | Häufigkeit des Elements (Luft): | - ppm |
| 2. Ionisierungenergie: | 1559.21 kJ mol-1 | Häufigkeit des Elements (Erdkruste): | 1 ppm |
| 3. Ionisierungenergie: | 2617.67 kJ mol-1 | Häufigkeit des Elements (Ozean): | 0.01 ppm |
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ISOTOPE | |
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Isotope | Relative Atommasse | Häufigkeit (%) |
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92Mo | 91.906810(4) | 14.84(4) |
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94Mo | 93.905088(2) | 9.25(3) |
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95Mo | 94.905841(2) | 15.92(5) |
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96Mo | 95.904679(2) | 16.68(5) |
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97Mo | 96.906021(2) | 9.55(3) |
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98Mo | 97.905408(2) | 24.13(7) |
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100Mo | 99.907477(6) | 9.63(3) |
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MINERALIEN UND GEBRAUCH | |
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- Molybdenum is found in the minerals molybdenite (MoS2) and wulfenite (MoO4Pb). Its alloys are used in aircraft, missiles and protective coatings in boiler plate. The price of 99.7 % pure molybdenum pellets is 96.90 € for 500 g.
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REDUKTIONSPOTENTIALE | |
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Balanced half-reaction | Eo / V | Anmerkung |
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MoVI + e-  MoV |
+0.43 | 4.6 mol dm-3 H2SO4 |
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MoIII + 3e- Mo(s) |
- 0.2 | |
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H2MoO4(aq) + 2H+ + e- MoO2+ + 2H2O |
+0.4 | |
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HMoO4- + 3H+ + 2e- MoO2 + 2H2O |
+0.429 | |
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MoO42- + 4H+ + 2e- MoO2 + 2H2O |
+0.606 | |
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HMoO4- + 7H+ + 3e- Mo3+ + 4H2O |
+0.390 | |
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MoO42- + 8H+ + 3e- Mo3+ + 4H2O |
+0.508 | |
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MoO42- + 8H+ + 6e- Mo(s) + 4H2O |
+0.154 | |
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MoO42- + 4H2O + 6e- Mo(s) + 8OH- |
- 1.05 | |
