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| Uranium | Uranium | Uranij | Uranio | Uran | ||||||||||||||||||||
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U Uranium |
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- Uranium was discovered by Martin Heinrich Klaproth (Germany) in 1789. Named after the planet Uranus. It is silvery-white, dense, ductile, malleable, radioactive metal. Resists alkalis; tarnishes in air; attacked by steam and acids. Radiotoxic.
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UEBERGANGSELEMENTE: ACTINIDEN | |
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| Relative Atommasse: | 238.02891(3) | Elektronenkonfiguration: | [Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2 |
| Oxidationszustände: | +3 +4 +5 +6 | Elekronegativität: | 1.7 |
| Wärmeleitfähigkeit: | 27.6 W m-1 K-1 | Elektrische Widerstandskraft (20 °C): | 30 μΩcm |
| Atomradius: | 138.5 pm | Zustand (20 °C): | fest |
| Dichte (g dm-3): | 18950 (293 K) 17907 (m.p.) |
Atomvolumen (cm3 mol-1): | 12.56 (293 K) 13.29 (m.p.) |
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THERMISCHE EIGENSCHAFTEN | |
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| Schmelzpunkt: | 1135 °C | Bildungsenergie: | 15.5 kJ mol-1 |
| Siedepunkt: | 4131 °C | Verdampfungsenergie: | 417.1 kJ mol-1 |
| Kritische Temperatur: | 12227 °C | Zerstäubungsenergie: | 535.43 kJ mol-1 |
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IONISIERUNGSENERGIE UND HÄUFIGKEIT | |
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| 1. Ionisierungenergie: | 597.64 kJ mol-1 | Häufigkeit des Elements (Luft): | - ppm |
| 2. Ionisierungenergie: | - kJ mol-1 | Häufigkeit des Elements (Erdkruste): | 0.91 ppm |
| 3. Ionisierungenergie: | - kJ mol-1 | Häufigkeit des Elements (Ozean): | 0.003 ppm |
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ISOTOPE | |
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Isotope | Relative Atommasse | Häufigkeit (%) |
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234U | 234.040946(2) | 0.0055(5) |
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235U | 235.043923(2) | 0.7200(12) |
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238U | 238.050783(2) | 99.2745(60) |
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MINERALIEN UND GEBRAUCH | |
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- Uranium occurs in many rocks, but in large amounts only in such minerals as pitchblende and carnotite. For many centuries it was used as a pigment for glass. Now it is used as a fuel in nuclear reactors and in bombs. The price of 99.7 % pure uranium turnings is 217.60 € for 25 g.
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REDUKTIONSPOTENTIALE | |
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Balanced half-reaction | Eo / V | Anmerkung |
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U4+ + e-  U3+ |
- 0.607 | |
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U3+ + 3e- U(s) |
- 1.798 | |
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UO22+ + e- UO2+ |
+0.052 | |
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UO22+ + 3H+ + 2e- UOH3+ + H2O |
+0.299 | |
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UO22+ + 4H+ + 2e- U4+ + 2H2O |
+0.334 | |
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UO22+ + 2e- UO2(s) |
+0.45 | |
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UO2+ + 3H+ + e- UOH3+ + H2O |
+0.546 | |
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UO2+ + 4H+ + e- U4+ + 2H2O |
+0.612 | |
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UOH3+ + H+ + e- U3+ + H2O |
- 0.538 | |
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UO2(s) + 4H+ + 4e- U(s) + 2H2O |
- 1.444 | |
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UO2(s) + 2H2O + 4e- U(s) + 4OH- |
- 2.39 | |
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U3O8(s) + 4H+ + 4e- 3UO2 + 2H2O |
+0.260 | |
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U(OH)3(s) + 3e- U(s) + 3OH- |
- 2.17 | |
