Periodic Table of the Elements
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Bottom FACULTY OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY o PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS Bottom
  A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V X Z  
Periodic Table of the Elements Tableau périodique des éléments Periodni sustav elemenata Tavola periodica degli elementi Das Periodensystem der Elemente
Argon Argon Argon Argo Argon

 
Atomic number: 18
Group numbers: 18
Period: 3
 
Discovery date: 1894
Ar

Argonum
NEIGHBOURS
9
F
 10
Ne
 11
Na
17
Cl
 18
Ar
 19
K
35
Br
 36
Kr
 37
Rb


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Argon was discovered by Lord Raleigh and Sir William Ramsay (Scotland) in 1894. The origin of the name comes from the Greek word argos meaning inactive. It is colourless and odourless noble gas. Chemically inert. It is the third most abundant element in the earth's atmosphere and makes up about 1%.
Bottom NOBLE GASES Top

Relative atomic mass: 39.948(1) Electronic configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p6
Formal oxidation number: 0 Electronegativities: -
Thermal conductivity: 0.0179 W m-1 K-1 Electrical resistivity (20 °C): - μΩcm
Atomic radius: 188 pm Standard state (20 °C): gas
Density (g dm-3): 1656 (40 K)
1.784 (273)		 Molar volume (cm3 mol-1): 24.12 (40 K)
22392.38 (273)


Bottom THERMAL PROPERTIES Top

Melting point: -189.34 °C Heat of fusion: 1.21 kJ mol-1
Boiling point: -185.89 °C Heat of vaporization: 6.53 kJ mol-1
Critical temperature: -122.36 °C Heat of atomization: 0 kJ mol-1


Bottom IONIZATION ENERGIES AND ABUNDANCE Top

1st ionization energy: 1520.58 kJ mol-1 Abundance of element (air): 9300 ppm
2nd ionization energy: 2665.88 kJ mol-1 Abundance of element (Earth's crust): 1.2 ppm
3rd ionization energy: 3930.84 kJ mol-1 Abundance of element (oceans): 0.6 ppm


Bottom ISOTOPES Top

Isotopes Relative atomic mass Abundance (%)
36Ar35.9675463(3)0.337(3)
37Ar36.9667759(3)*
38Ar37.9627322(5)0.063(1)
39Ar38.964313(5)*
40Ar39.962383123(3)99.600(3)


Bottom MINERALS AND USES Top

Argon is continuously released into the air by decay of radioactive potassium-40. Pure form is obtained from fractional distillation of liquid air. Used in lighting products. It is often used in filling incandescent light bulbs. Some is mixed with krypton in fluorescent lamps. Crystals in the semiconductor industry are grown in argon atmospheres. The price of 99.999 % pure argon gas costs 169.90 €/dm3 in small quantities (1 dm3) and about 1.84 €/dm3 in large quantities (300 dm3).

Bottom REDUCTION POTENTIALS Top

Balanced half-reaction   Eo / V      Annotation

 

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