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| Krypton | Krypton | Kripton | Cripto | Krypton | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Kr Krypton |
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- Krypton was discovered by Sir William Ramsay and Morris W. Travers (England) in 1898. The origin of the name comes from the Greek word kryptos meaning hidden. It is colourless, odourless rare noble gas. Reacts only with fluorine.
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NOBLE GASES | |
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| Relative atomic mass: | 83.80(1) | Electronic configuration: | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6 |
| Formal oxidation number: | 0 | Electronegativities: | - |
| Thermal conductivity: | 0.0095 W m-1 K-1 | Electrical resistivity (20 °C): | - μΩcm |
| Atomic radius: | 202 pm | Standard state (20 °C): | gas |
| Density (g dm-3): | 2823 (solid, m.p.) 2413 (liquid, b.p.) 3.7493 (gas, 273 K) |
Molar volume (cm3 mol-1): | 29.68 (solid, m.p.) 34.73 (liquid, b.p.) 22350.84 (gas, 273 K) |
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THERMAL PROPERTIES | |
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| Melting point: | -157.36 °C | Heat of fusion: | 1.64 kJ mol-1 |
| Boiling point: | -153.22 °C | Heat of vaporization: | 9.05 kJ mol-1 |
| Critical temperature: | -63.76 °C | Heat of atomization: | 0 kJ mol-1 |
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IONIZATION ENERGIES AND ABUNDANCE | |
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| 1st ionization energy: | 1350.77 kJ mol-1 | Abundance of element (air): | 1.14 ppm |
| 2nd ionization energy: | 2350.39 kJ mol-1 | Abundance of element (Earth's crust): | 0.00001 ppm |
| 3rd ionization energy: | 3565.16 kJ mol-1 | Abundance of element (oceans): | 0.0003 ppm |
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ISOTOPES | |
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Isotopes | Relative atomic mass | Abundance (%) |
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78Kr | 77.920386(7) | 0.35(2) |
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80Kr | 79.916378(4) | 2.25(2) |
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82Kr | 81.913485(3) | 11.6(1) |
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83Kr | 82.914136(3) | 11.5(1) |
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84Kr | 83.911507(3) | 57.0(3) |
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86Kr | 85.910610(1) | 17.3(2) |
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MINERALS AND USES | |
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- Krypton is obtained from production of liquid air. Used in lighting products. Some is used as inert filler-gas in incandescent bulbs. Some is mixed with argon in fluorescent lamps. The most important use is in flashing stroboscopic lamps that outline airport runways. The price of 99.995 % pure krypton gas costs 165.30 €/dm3 in small quantities (1 dm3) and about 4.51 €/dm3 in large quantities (300 dm3).
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REDUCTION POTENTIALS | |
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Balanced half-reaction | Eo / V | Annotation |
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