Periodic Table of the Elements
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Bottom FACULTY OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY o PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS Bottom
  A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V X Z  
Periodic Table of the Elements Tableau périodique des éléments Periodni sustav elemenata Tavola periodica degli elementi Das Periodensystem der Elemente
Radium Radium Radij Radio Radium

 
Atomic number: 88
Group numbers: 2
Period: 7
 
Discovery date: 1898
Ra

Radium
NEIGHBOURS
55
Cs
 56
Ba
 57
La
87
Fr
 88
Ra
 89
Ac

 
 
 


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Radium was discovered by Marie and Pierre Curie (France) in 1898. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word radius meaning ray. It is silvery-white radioactive metal. Reacts with oxygen and water. Highly radiotoxic. Carcinogen by inhalation, ingestion, or exposure.
Bottom ALKALINE EARTH METAL Top

Relative atomic mass: [226] Electronic configuration: [Rn] 7s2
Formal oxidation number: +2 Electronegativities: 0.9
Thermal conductivity: 18.6 W m-1 K-1 Electrical resistivity (20 °C): 100 μΩcm
Atomic radius: 235 pm Standard state (20 °C): solid
Density (g dm-3): 5000 r. (293 K) Molar volume (cm3 mol-1): 45.20 (est., 293 K)


Bottom THERMAL PROPERTIES Top

Melting point: 700 °C Heat of fusion: 7.15 kJ mol-1
Boiling point: 1140 °C Heat of vaporization: 136.7 kJ mol-1
Critical temperature: 3237 °C Heat of atomization: 159 kJ mol-1


Bottom IONIZATION ENERGIES AND ABUNDANCE Top

1st ionization energy: 509.29 kJ mol-1 Abundance of element (air): - ppm
2nd ionization energy: 979.06 kJ mol-1 Abundance of element (Earth's crust): - ppm
3rd ionization energy: - kJ mol-1 Abundance of element (oceans): 3E-11 ppm


Bottom ISOTOPES Top

Isotopes Relative atomic mass Abundance (%)
223Ra223.018497(3)*
225Ra225.023604(3)*
226Ra226.025403(3)*


Bottom MINERALS AND USES Top

Radium is found in uranium ores at 1 part per 3 million parts uranium. Used in treating cancer because of the gamma rays it gives off.

Bottom REDUCTION POTENTIALS Top

Balanced half-reaction   Eo / V      Annotation
Ra2+ + 2e- = Ra(s) - 2.92  

 

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Last modified: 01.04.2003
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