Carbon - Periodic Table of the Elements

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PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS version 1.7


 C

English:  Carbon
French: Carbone
Croatian: Ugljik
German: Kohlenstoff
Italian: Carbonio


Atomic number: 6
Group numbers: 14
Period: 2
Standard state (20 °C): solid

Carbon has been known since ancient times. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word carbo meaning charcoal. Graphite form of carbon is a black, odourless, slippery solid. Graphite sublimes at 3825 °C. Diamond form is a clear or colored; an extremely hard solid. C60 is Buckminsterfullerine. Carbon black burns readily with oxidants.

Electronic configuration: [He] 2s² 2p²
Relative atomic mass: 12.0107(8)
Formal oxidation number: -4 +2 +4

Electronegativities: 2.55
Thermal conductivity: 5.7 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 °C): 1375 μΩcm

Atomic radius: 77.2 pm
Density (g/dm3): 3513 (diamant, 293 K) 
2260 (graphit, 293 K)
Molar volume (cm3/mol): 3.42 (diamant, 293 K) 
5.31 (graphit, 293 K)

Melting point: 3550 °C
Boiling point: 4827 °C
Critical temperature: 6470 °C

Heat of fusion: 105 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 710.9 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 711.2 kJ/mol

Carbon is made by burning organic compounds with insufficient oxygen. There are close to ten million known carbon compounds, many thousands of which are vital to organic and life processes. Radiocarbon dating uses the carbon-14 isotope to date old objects. Black amorphous carbon (99.9 %) costs 48.40 € for 1000 g. Graphite powder (99.9 %) costs 46.50 € for 1000 g. Diamond powder (99.9 %) costs 265.70 € for 5 g. Fullerene powder (99.5 %) costs 762.20 € for 5 g. 5B <= 6C => 7N ___________________ If you have comments, corrections or suggestions about this site, please send me a e-mail. Periodic Table of the Elements __________________________________ Last modified: 29.03.2003 Copyright © 1998-2003 by Eni Generalic