Copper - Periodic Table of the Elements

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PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS version 1.7


 Cu

English:  Copper
French: Cuivre
Croatian: Bakar
German: Kupfer
Italian: Rame


Atomic number: 29
Group numbers: 11
Period: 4
Standard state (20 °C): solid

Copper has been known since ancient times. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word cuprum meaning the island of Cyprus famed for its copper mines. It is malleable, ductile, reddish-brown metal. Resistant to air and water. Exposed surfaces form greenish carbonate film.

Electronic configuration: [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹
Relative atomic mass: 63.546(3)
Formal oxidation number: +1 +2

Electronegativities: 1.9
Thermal conductivity: 401 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 °C): 1.673 μΩcm

Atomic radius: 127.8 pm
Density (g/dm3): 8960 (293 K) 
7940 (m.p.)
Molar volume (cm3/mol): 7.09 (293 K) 
8.00 (m.p.)

Melting point: 1084.62 °C
Boiling point: 2562 °C
Critical temperature: 5148 °C

Heat of fusion: 13 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 306.7 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 337.15 kJ/mol

Pure copper occurs rarely in nature. Usually found in sulfides as in chalcopyrite (CuFeS2), coveline (CuS), chalcosine (Cu2S) or oxides like cuprite (Cu2O). Most often used as an electrical conductor. Also used in the manufacture of water pipes. Its alloys are used in jewellery and for coins. The price of 99.9 % pure copper shot is 26.10 € for 500 g. 28Ni <= 29Cu => 30Zn ___________________ If you have comments, corrections or suggestions about this site, please send me a e-mail. Periodic Table of the Elements __________________________________ Last modified: 29.03.2003 Copyright © 1998-2003 by Eni Generalic