FACULTY OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY IN SPLIT
PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS version 1.7
F
English: Fluorine
French: Fluor
Croatian: Fluor
German: Fluor
Italian: Fluoro
Atomic number: 9
Group numbers: 17
Period: 2
Standard state (20 °C): gas
Fluorine was discovered by Henri Moissan (France) in 1886. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word fluere meaning to flow. It is pale yellow to greenish gas, with an irritating pungent odour. Extremely reactive, flammable gas. Reacts violently with many materials. Toxic by inhalation or ingestion. Does not occur uncombined in nature.
Electronic configuration: [He] 2s2 2p5
Relative atomic mass: 18.9984032(5)
Formal oxidation number: -1
Electronegativities: 3.98
Thermal conductivity: 0.0256 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 °C): - μΩcm
Atomic radius: 70.9 pm
Density (g/dm3): 1516 (liquid, 85 K)
1.696 (gas, 273 K)
Molar volume (cm3/mol): 12.53 (liquid, 85 K)
22403.78 (gas, 273 K)
Melting point: -219.62 °C
Boiling point: -188.12 °C
Critical temperature: -128.86 °C
Heat of fusion: 1.02 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 3.26 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 76.9 kJ/mol
Fluorine is found in the minerals fluorite (CaF2) and cryolite(Na3AlF6). Electrolysis of hydrofluoric acid (HF) or potassium acid fluoride (KHF2) is the only practical method of commercial production. Used in refrigerants and other fluorocarbons. Also in toothpaste as sodium fluoride (NaF).
8O <= 9F => 10Ne
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Periodic Table of the Elements
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Last modified:
29.03.2003
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