FACULTY OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY IN SPLIT
PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS version 1.7
H
English: Hydrogen
French: Hydrogène
Croatian: Vodik
German: Wasserstoff
Italian: Idrogeno
Atomic number: 1
Group numbers: 1
Period: 1
Standard state (20 °C): gas
Hydrogen was discovered by Sir Henry Cavendish (England) in 1766. The origin of the name comes from the Greek words hydro and genes meaning water and generate. It is colourless, odourless gas, burns and forms explosive mixtures in air. Reacts violently with oxidants. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe.
Electronic configuration: 1s1
Relative atomic mass: 1.00794(7)
Formal oxidation number: -1 +1
Electronegativities: 2.2
Thermal conductivity: 0.183 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 °C): - μΩcm
Atomic radius: 37.3 pm
Density (g/dm3): 76.0 (solid, 11 K)
70.8 (liquid, b.p.)
0.08988 (gas, 273 K)
Molar volume (cm3/mol): 13.26 (solid, 11 K)
14.24 (liquid, b.p.)
22423.54 (gas, 273 K)
Melting point: -259.34 °C
Boiling point: -252.87 °C
Critical temperature: -239.96 °C
Heat of fusion: 0.12 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 0.46 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 216.003 kJ/mol
Commercial quantities of hydrogen are produced by reacting superheated steam with methane or carbon. In lab work from reaction of metals with acid solutions or electrolysis. Most hydrogen is used in the production of ammonia and in metal refining. Also used as fuel in rockets. Its two heavier isotopes (deuterium and tritium) used respectively for nuclear fusion. The price of 99.999 % pure hydrogen gas costs 200.70 €/dm3 in small quantities (1 dm3) and about 2.21 €/dm3 in large quantities (300 dm3).
<= 1H =>
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Periodic Table of the Elements
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Last modified:
29.03.2003
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