FACULTY OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY IN SPLIT
PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS version 1.7
O
English: Oxygen
French: Oxygène
Croatian: Kisik
German: Sauerstoff
Italian: Ossigeno
Atomic number: 8
Group numbers: 16
Period: 2
Standard state (20 °C): gas
Oxygen was discovered by Joseph Priestley (England) in 1774. The origin of the name comes from the Greek words oxy genes meaning acid and forming (acid former). It is colourless, odourless gas; pale blue liquid. Extremely reactive. Forms oxides with nearly all other elements except noble gases. It is the most abundant element in the earth's crust and makes up almost 21% of the atmosphere.
Electronic configuration: [He] 2s2 2p4
Relative atomic mass: 15.9994(3)
Formal oxidation number: -2
Electronegativities: 3.44
Thermal conductivity: 0.0263 W/(m K)
Electrical resistivity (20 °C): - μΩcm
Atomic radius: 60.4 pm
Density (g/dm3): 2000 (solid, m.p.)
1140 (b.p.)
1.429 (gas, 273 K)
Molar volume (cm3/mol): 8.00 (solid, m.p.)
14.03 (b.p.)
22392.44 (gas, 273 K)
Melting point: -218.79 °C
Boiling point: -182.95 °C
Critical temperature: -118.58 °C
Heat of fusion: 0.444 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 6.82 kJ/mol
Heat of atomization: 246.785 kJ/mol
Oxygen is obtained primarily from liquid air by fractional distillation. Small amounts are made in the laboratory by electrolysis of water. Used in steel making, welding and supporting life. Naturally occurring ozone (O3) in the upper atmosphere shields the earth from ultraviolet radiation. The price of 99.99 % pure oxygen gas costs 188.90 €/dm3 in small quantities (1 dm3) and about 1.46 €/dm3 in large quantities (300 dm3).
7N <= 8O => 9F
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Periodic Table of the Elements
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Last modified:
29.03.2003
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