Periodic Table of the Elements
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Bottom FACULTY OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY o PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS Bottom
  A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V X Z  
Periodic Table of the Elements Tableau périodique des éléments Periodni sustav elemenata Tavola periodica degli elementi Das Periodensystem der Elemente
Uranium Uranium Uranij Uranio Uran

 
Atomic number: 92
Group numbers: 3
Period: 7
 
Discovery date: 1789
U

Uranium
NEIGHBOURS
59
Pr
 60
Nd
 61
Pm
91
Pa
 92
U
 93
Np

 
 
 


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Uranium was discovered by Martin Heinrich Klaproth (Germany) in 1789. Named after the planet Uranus. It is silvery-white, dense, ductile, malleable, radioactive metal. Resists alkalis; tarnishes in air; attacked by steam and acids. Radiotoxic.
Bottom TRANSITION ELEMENT: ACTINIDE Top

Relative atomic mass: 238.02891(3) Electronic configuration: [Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2
Formal oxidation number: +3 +4 +5 +6 Electronegativities: 1.7
Thermal conductivity: 27.6 W m-1 K-1 Electrical resistivity (20 °C): 30 μΩcm
Atomic radius: 138.5 pm Standard state (20 °C): solid
Density (g dm-3): 18950 (293 K)
17907 (m.p.)		 Molar volume (cm3 mol-1): 12.56 (293 K)
13.29 (m.p.)


Bottom THERMAL PROPERTIES Top

Melting point: 1135 °C Heat of fusion: 15.5 kJ mol-1
Boiling point: 4131 °C Heat of vaporization: 417.1 kJ mol-1
Critical temperature: 12227 °C Heat of atomization: 535.43 kJ mol-1


Bottom IONIZATION ENERGIES AND ABUNDANCE Top

1st ionization energy: 597.64 kJ mol-1 Abundance of element (air): - ppm
2nd ionization energy: - kJ mol-1 Abundance of element (Earth's crust): 0.91 ppm
3rd ionization energy: - kJ mol-1 Abundance of element (oceans): 0.003 ppm


Bottom ISOTOPES Top

Isotopes Relative atomic mass Abundance (%)
234U234.040946(2)0.0055(5)
235U235.043923(2)0.7200(12)
238U238.050783(2)99.2745(60)


Bottom MINERALS AND USES Top

Uranium occurs in many rocks, but in large amounts only in such minerals as pitchblende and carnotite. For many centuries it was used as a pigment for glass. Now it is used as a fuel in nuclear reactors and in bombs. The price of 99.7 % pure uranium turnings is 217.60 € for 25 g.

Bottom REDUCTION POTENTIALS Top

Balanced half-reaction   Eo / V      Annotation
U4+ + e- = U3+ - 0.607  
U3+ + 3e- = U(s) - 1.798  
UO22+ + e- = UO2+ +0.052  
UO22+ + 3H+ + 2e- = UOH3+ + H2O +0.299  
UO22+ + 4H+ + 2e- = U4+ + 2H2O +0.334  
UO22+ + 2e- = UO2(s) +0.45  
UO2+ + 3H+ + e- = UOH3+ + H2O +0.546  
UO2+ + 4H+ + e- = U4+ + 2H2O +0.612  
UOH3+ + H+ + e- = U3+ + H2O - 0.538  
UO2(s) + 4H+ + 4e- = U(s) + 2H2O - 1.444  
UO2(s) + 2H2O + 4e- = U(s) + 4OH- - 2.39  
U3O8(s) + 4H+ + 4e- = 3UO2 + 2H2O +0.260  
U(OH)3(s) + 3e- = U(s) + 3OH- - 2.17  

 

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