FACOLTÀ CHIMICA DI TECNOLOGIA IN SPLIT
TAVOLA PERIODICA DEGLI ELEMENTI versione 1.7
H
Inglesi: Hydrogen
Francesi: Hydrogène
Croato: Vodik
Tedesco: Wasserstoff
Italiano: Idrogeno
Numero atomico: 1
Gruppo: 1
Periodo: 1
Stato di aggregazione (20 °C): gas
Hydrogen was discovered by Sir Henry Cavendish (England) in 1766. The origin of the name comes from the Greek words hydro and genes meaning water and generate. It is colourless, odourless gas, burns and forms explosive mixtures in air. Reacts violently with oxidants. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe.
Configurazione elettronica: 1s1
Massa atomica relativa: 1.00794(7)
Numeri di ossidazione: -1 +1
Elettronegatività: 2.2
Conducibilità termica: 0.183 W/(m K)
Resistività Elettrica (20 °C): - μΩcm
Raggio atomico: 37.3 pm
Densità (g/dm3): 76.0 (solid, 11 K)
70.8 (liquid, b.p.)
0.08988 (gas, 273 K)
Volume atomico (cm3/mol): 13.26 (solid, 11 K)
14.24 (liquid, b.p.)
22423.54 (gas, 273 K)
Temperatura di fusione: -259.34 °C
Temperatura di ebollizione: -252.87 °C
Critica temperatura: -239.96 °C
Calore di fusione: 0.12 kJ/mol
Calore di vaporizzazione: 0.46 kJ/mol
Calore di atomizzazione: 216.003 kJ/mol
Commercial quantities of hydrogen are produced by reacting superheated steam with methane or carbon. In lab work from reaction of metals with acid solutions or electrolysis. Most hydrogen is used in the production of ammonia and in metal refining. Also used as fuel in rockets. Its two heavier isotopes (deuterium and tritium) used respectively for nuclear fusion. The price of 99.999 % pure hydrogen gas costs 200.70 €/dm3 in small quantities (1 dm3) and about 2.21 €/dm3 in large quantities (300 dm3).
<= 1H =>
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Last modified:
29.03.2003
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